皮革透气性的测试方法

发布日期：2020-01-11 11:48:29 来源：互联网

mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">摘要： mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">透气性是影响皮革应用性能的重要因素，通常采用压差法原理进行皮革透气性的测试。本文以制衣用皮革为试验样品，利用TQD-G1 mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">透气度测试仪测试其透气性，并通过对试验原理、设备参数及适用范围、试验过程等内容的介绍，为皮革类材料透气性的测试提供参考。 mso-fareast-font-family:宋体">

mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">关键词： mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">皮革，透气性，透气度，透气度测试仪，压差法 line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-fareast-font-family:宋体">

font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">1 line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">、意义 10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black; mso-font-kerning:0pt">

mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">皮革广泛应用于制作服装、鞋、脚垫、坐垫、沙发等产品，其透气性如何是影响产品使用舒适性的重要因素，特别是用于皮衣、皮鞋等与人体接触的产品的皮革，若其透气性较差，未能将人体排出的汗液、热量及时疏散，穿着过程中很容易产生湿热感，造成消费者不良的穿着体验。

mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">皮革中胶原纤维的间隙是气体及能量在皮革内外交换的孔道，皮制品生产过程中的酸碱处理、拉软、搓纹、加脂、鞣制及涂饰等工艺会影响胶原纤维间隙的均匀性、大小及数量。因此，加强透气性的测试可为皮制品生产工艺的调整及改善提供数据基础，有利于提高皮制品的产品质量。

font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">2 line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">、试验样品 10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black; mso-font-kerning:0pt">

mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">本文以某种制衣用皮革为试验样品，测试其透气性。

font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">3 line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">、试验依据 10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black; mso-font-kerning:0pt">

mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">皮革透气性的测试标准为QB/T 2799-2006 mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">《皮革 "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">透气性测定方法》，该标准利用压力差测试透气度以评估皮革的透气性。本文依据该标准的原理进行测试。

font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">4 line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">、试验设备 10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black; mso-font-kerning:0pt">

mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">本次试验以TQD-G1 mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">透气度测试仪为试验设备，该设备由济南兰光机电技术有限公司自主研发生产。

"Arial","sans-serif"">4.1 Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">试验原理

mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">本设备可利用两种不同原理测试材料的透气性能，分别为“ mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">定压差测流量法 "Arial","sans-serif"">” Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">与“ mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">定流量测压差法 "Arial","sans-serif"">” Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">。前者通过调节压力使试样两侧形成恒定的压差，再测定一定时间内垂直通过试样给定面积的气流流量，计算试样的透气率等参数；后者通过调节空气的气流，使垂直通过试样的气流稳定在恒定的流量，然后测试在该条件下试样两侧压力差，进而计算出空气流通阻力等参数。

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图1  TQD-G1 mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">透气度测试仪

"Arial","sans-serif"">4.2 Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">适用范围

(1) "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">适用于皮革材料的透气度测试。

(2) "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">适用于汽车内饰件材料空气透过率与空气阻力的测试，如聚氨酯、PVC mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">、皮革、纺织品、非织造布等。

(3) "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">适用于纺织品材料的透气性测试，如布料、无纺布等。

(4) "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">适用于高聚物多孔弹性材料的空气透过率测试，如海绵等。

(5) "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">还可扩展应用于纸张材料的空气透过率测试，如日用抽纸、卷纸等。

(6) "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">可满足多项国家和国际标准，如ISO 9237 mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">、ISO 4638 "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">、ISO 5636 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">、GB/T 10655 "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">、GB/T 5453 mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">、GB/T 4689.22 mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">、GB/T 13764 mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">、ASTM D737 "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">、TAPPI T460 mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">、JIS P8117 "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">、QB/T 2799 mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">等。

"Arial","sans-serif"">4.3 Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">设备参数

mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">压差测量范围为0 ~ 1 KPa mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">，流量的测量范围为 "Arial","sans-serif"">0 ~ 1800 L/h mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">；定压差、定流量两种测量方式供用户自由选择；高精度电子气流、气压传感器确保测试数据的准确性；系统采用微电脑控制、液晶显示，搭配菜单式界面和PVC mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">控制面板，方便用户快速地进行试验操作及数据查看。

font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">5 line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">、试验过程 10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black; mso-font-kerning:0pt">

(1) "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">从待测的皮革样品上裁取3 mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">片直径为 "Arial","sans-serif"">5 cm Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">的试样。

(2) "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">取其中1 mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">片试样装夹在设备中。设备接通空气气源，调节压力控制阀，调整试样两侧的压力差，当试样两侧的压力差达到设定值时，设备自动测量并记录渗透过试样的空气流量。

(3) "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">重复装样，调节压力操作，直至3 mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">片试样均完成测试。 "Arial","sans-serif"">

font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">6 line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">、试验结果 10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black; mso-font-kerning:0pt">

mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">本次试验测得透过3 mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">个试样的空气流量的算术平均值为15.41 mL/min mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">，试样的测试面积为 "Arial","sans-serif"">8.04 cm² mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">，故所测试的皮革样品的透气度为115 mL/(cm²·h) Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">。

7 Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">、结论

mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">透气度是皮革的重要指标参数，该指标的优劣与皮革制品的应用性能息息相关。本文依据压力差原理，利用TQD-G1 mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">透气度测试仪测试了一种皮革样品的透气性能，试验过程简单，用时短，试验效率高，设备易于操作。与传统的皮革透气性测试仪相比，本次试验人为因素对试验结果干扰少，无需手动控制秒表读数，智能化程度高，试验结果更为精准可靠。济南兰光机电技术有限公司是一家专业从事包装检测设备研发生产与包装检测服务的高新技术企业，始终致力于为客户提供高端、智能、精准、高效的包装材料检测设备，现有设备已应用于食品、医药、包装与印刷、日化用品、汽车等多个行业及高校、科研院所及第三方检测机构等领域。了解检测设备信息，可登陆济南兰光公司网站查看具体信息或致电0531-85068566 mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">咨询。愈了解，愈信任！Labthink 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial">兰光期待与行业中的企事业单位增进技术沟通与合作。